Hacking Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Hacking - Essay Example e first innovation for hacks was resolved; a solitary whistle from the crate ‘Cap n’ Crunch’ was being utilized for making significant distance calls liberated from any charge (Himma, 2007). In 1981, Ian Murphy hacked information of AT&T and changed the tickers with the goal that individuals could benefit late night limits and he was the primary programmer to be indicted for lawful offense allegations. Simultaneously, Kevin Mitnick was the main programmer who hacked into IBM, DEC and Pacific Bell. In the late 1990s, the greatest hacking cases were accounted for, for example, Gary Mackinnon who was indicted for military wrongdoings in US, Albert Gonzalez got the greatest prison sentence for taking around 200,000,000 charge and credit numbers that cost misfortunes of about  £200 million (Ward, 2011). As indicated by Sengupta, Mazumdar and Barik (2005), the programmers can be ordered into four different ages. The first was characterized as innovation situated and shrewd software engineers, PC researchers and understudies from MIT as they hacked for expert and scholarly interests. The second included programmers who were the innovative radicals that built up the blue boxes for giving significant distance approaches telephone with no charges. The third era comprised of individuals who were youthful and cherished PC and PC games. The most recent age included programmers who were engaged with crimes that were activated by power, vengeance, covetousness or other savage goals. Hacking is characterized as a method of increasing unapproved access to the information that is put away in a PC. Hacking exercises makes numerous issues for the clients and clients have a hazard when managing IT frameworks for leading cash exchange. Dangers are likewise present with the data of the client. Notwithstanding gaining admittance to important information and data, hacking remembers intrusion or assault for the people’s secret data; larger part of the individuals doing on the web exchanges particularly E-trade are worried about the

The Meaning Of Catholic Church Architecture Theology Religion Essay

The Meaning Of Catholic Church Architecture Theology Religion Essay Religious philosophy in Stone: The Meaning of Catholic Church Architecture. On the off chance that a voyage through the Catholic houses of worship were to be shaped, you would be needing a guide. The purpose behind this is straightforward. Catholic houses of worship have allocated representative significance to the different pieces of the congregation building. This imagery is demonstrated on the outside of the structure, yet additionally all through the inside and the Holy things inside. There are a few misguided judgments encompassing Catholic places of worship and its engineering. One legend about the congregation expresses that the Vatican Council requires the dismissal of conventional church design and the advancement of progressively present day engineering. This legend is upheld by what Roman Catholics have worked during the most recent three decades instead of what the Church has educated. Indeed, even by professional reports, the congregation engineering of the previous decade has been a finished cataclysm. By and by, activities oftentimes talk stronger than words, and the unwavering have been directed to acknowledge that the Church requires its structures to be practical deliberations. There has additionally been contention encompassing the Catholic church commending holy people or things and images, it is anything but difficult to perceive any reason why somebody may state that it is beyond the realm of imagination or invited to construct a wonderful church . This happens to be totally off-base. We live during a time where men have been traveled to the moon and madly sufficient totals of cash are depleted on donning fields. Obviously we ought to likewise have the option to develop these structures of a similar quality as the past Christian basilicas or Gothic houses of God. In ongoing layman design we are watching an extraordinary resurgence of customary engineering and craftsmanship. Following the book Ugly as Sin, there are three regular laws of Catholic church engineering. The congregation must have verticality [1]. It is said that a decent, fruitful, and vertical church will stand out over the other littler structures in the region. This is so the eminent Jerusalem (which I decipher as Heaven) is gone through the congregation. Verticality, itself makes this state of presence. Its this beingness that makes divine engineering at all conceivable. Windows, segments, underpins, and holy workmanship should strengthen this heavenward desire. The roofs elocution ought to make a feeling of greatness toward the Heaven through the mosaics and paintings just as the utilization of normal light utilized on the body of the congregation. (Appalling, 24) The second of the three characteristic laws of chapel design is perpetual quality [2]. The structure itself represents Christs nearness on the planet. (Christs nearness on the planet is a similar yesterday and today and perpetually.) something very similar goes for the congregation. It must be enduring and outperform reality. Ordinarily, stone or block will be utilized as the material to shape the outside of the congregation so as to fulfill perpetual quality. This lastingness is one more method of making amazing quality. A genuine Catholic church development is a masterpiece that imparts the previous significance of the Churchs design legacy. It alludes to the past, serves the present, and advises what's to come. (Appalling, 26) The last normal law, Iconography [3]. The Catholic church must have Iconography, this will recognize the structure as a congregation. A noteworthy church will likewise utilize iconography to catch something greater. reflection; painting, model, and engineering are intended to cooperate to deliver a bound together impact. (St. Ignatius Loyola) This is said to accentuate the significance of excellent manifestations on the planet. A churchs compositional appearance ought to resonate Gods creation. In explicitly, man, who was made in the picture of God. Workmanship has been, is, and will be everlastingly, the best organization for profound impression that the Church may guarantee. composes planner Ralph Adams Cram. He writes furthermore; on account of workmanship, Christians have characterized the inventive imagery that lift us to God. The iconography may likewise show the life of Jesus all through the Church in an account of pictures, images, things, or furniture. (Revolting, 27) Our excursion will lead us to the front, or veneer of the congregation which might be the most masterful and vital bit of the congregation. There could be detailed recolored glass, figures or remembrances in the veneer. The recolored glass is most regularly over the enormous wooden entryways that make a door that monitors the inside of the congregation. Frequently the exterior shows a story conformed to the definite work of art. While talking about the state of the congregation, other than stature, you will see the structure as looking like a cross. Additionally, the congregation transepts will point the North and South. A transept is the transverse arm of a cruciform church. The left transept is the North transept and the correct transept is the South transept. A vault is normally shaped at the focal point of the transepts. The ritual should be directed confronting East under this arch where Gods individuals have accumulated. After entering the congregation, you go to the Narthax, which implies passage. The change from the outside world to within. This can likewise be a secured patio like structure outside of the structure. A specific demeanor ought to be credited to the fragrances and sounds when entering the Narthax. As you progress through the congregation, you will discover the Nave, which means transport in Latin. This is the place adherents sit or stand while accepting the sacrament. Places of worship in the Gothic time normally had screens covering the haven. This territory was treated as the Holy of Holies. The haven is the place the Tabernacle is kept and where there ought to be a consuming sanctuary light. At the point when the Tabernacle is introduced, supporters stoop. At the point when the Sacrament is uncovered, Catholics bow on the two knees. The adjust is the following noteworthy thing found in the Church. The Altar ought to be set and made of stone and contain a relic of a Saint (generally a hair or other little body part). This is additionally where the Tabernacle is normally kept. (Jeremiah) The Church performs numerous capacities. Of the most significant, there is, love, psalms or melodies, and control. Love encourages our relationship with God and makes it workable for us to speak with him in both private and open. Love all the more ordinarily is an open capacity, done in the mass and among different devotees. Psalms are another relevant viewpoint or capacity of the congregation. These permit us to communicate sentiments and feelings we have for God and the relationship weve shaped with him. We likewise observe discipline in the congregation, this is otherworldly order. This dedication respects our hearts, mind, and soul. Supplication ought to be something we Christians appreciate doing and want being a piece of. It might seem as though discipline is alluding to discipline, when the genuine significance of order is something that supporters, or empowers (learning). Apprenticeship alludes to the constant instructing and mentorship. Going the word through the ages. It ha s been stated, no man is acceptable taken off alone. Nor is it useful for a Christian to be disregarded. We should energize service by giving authorization, preparing, apparatuses, and expelling any impedance. (Six Functions of the Church) Two are superior to one, since they have a decent return for their work: If one tumbles down, his companion can help him up. Yet, feel sorry for the man who falls and has nobody to help him up! In spite of the fact that one might be overwhelmed, two can shield themselves. A line of three strands isn't immediately broken (Ecclesiastes 4:9-12). Cooperation can fill in as a common relationship among Christians. Partnership implies sharing educational encounters, feelings and weights. This urges Christians to help each other as well as the individuals who don't have faith in Christ. These capacities are served by the Catholic Church and serve an unmistakable, devout, reason for individuals from the congregation. (Six Functions of the Church) The engineering that frames the congregation is constantly imperative to the lessons of the book of scriptures and Jesus life. The shapes, aromas, and plans help the learning and give certain vibes that equal the conventional mass and sacrament. Engineering has a significant influence as imagery for the congregation. A significant part of the creative highlights about the congregation speak to something more noteworthy or recount to a story. The congregation should likewise try to play out a couple of significant capacities; love, psalms, and otherworldly trains. These capacities are to carry us closer to God and his superb Jerusalem and each part of the congregation is to rise above the soul all through us, Gods individuals. Refers to: Revolting ECN Article Jeremiah, David. Indications of Life. Thomas Nelson, Publishers, 10/02/2007. Print. Six Functions of the Church. GCI. N.p.. Web. 11 Mar 2013. .

Simplify Your Life This Week

Simplify Your Life This Week Stress Management Management Techniques Print Simplify Your Life This Week The first week in August is Simplify Your Life Week By Elizabeth Scott, MS twitter Elizabeth Scott, MS, is a wellness coach specializing in stress management and quality of life, and the author of 8 Keys to Stress Management. Learn about our editorial policy Elizabeth Scott, MS Updated on February 13, 2018 Simplicity in your surroundings makes it easier to keep your mind clear and open. Astronaut Images/ Getty Images More in Stress Management Management Techniques Physical Techniques Relaxation Time Management Effects on Health Situational Stress Job Stress Household Stress Relationship Stress The first week of August is celebrated as Simplify Your Life Week, but really, any seven days in the year can be a great week to focus your personal resources on simplification.  Simplifying is important because of the toll that clutter takes on our minds, and even on our bodies.  When we have to wade through the physical clutter to find what we need, it drains us of time as well as energy.  All that drained energy adds up to additional strain on your resources and, ultimately, additional stress. Clutter can also be psychologically draining. The mental clutter of planning our next move when were not sure what our resources are, of feeling overwhelmed and needing to think about where our priorities lie from moment to moment (as in should I spend these spare few minutes in meditation or by cleaning up that mess thats been stressing me for days?), and of not knowing when well be able to simply relax are feelings that trigger the bodys stress response.  (This is also known as decision fatigue.) Clutter can also make us less able to make decisions from a proactive state of mind and are more likely to create additional problems for ourselves.   When our fight-or-flight response is triggered, the psychological toll of clutter becomes physical in many ways.   If simplicity can tame some of this stress, isnt it worth taking a little time to proactively cull the clutter of our homes, our schedules, and our minds?  The following information, strategies, and solutions can be implemented this week (and every week, really)  to pare down your busy schedule, cluttered home, or otherwise messy areas of your lifestyle. Try something new this week, and start leaving behind whatever is unnecessary in your life. Shortcuts to Simplify Your Life If youre looking to simplify your life, youre also taking a big step toward a less-stressed life. But the act of simplifying life should be simple, too. The following simplify your life ideas provide you with relatively easy changes you can make that will bring significant results in the future. Streamline Your Lifestyle One of the best ways to simplify your life is to create systems that take care of themselves.  Here are a few ways to streamline your life so that you dont have to constantly think about what needs to be done--its taken care of automatically, at least to an extent.  For example, signing up for an exercise class takes the decision-making and need for self-motivation out of the equation, to a certain extent. Its on your schedule, and maintaining a workout habit becomes easier.     Simplify Your Mind Mindfulness meditation can be done at any time and any place and can help you to rid yourself of mental clutter, at least for a few minutes at a time.  One of the great benefits of mindfulness, however, is the fact that regular practice brings long-term benefits.  Over time, youll feel less stressed, even when youre not practicing mindfulness at the moment!     Life Plan Strategies for Those Who Are Too Busy If youre looking to simplify your life, you might want to address your schedule.  Do you really have time for the things that are most important to you?  If not, there are some targeted ways to cut down on commitments so youll have more freedom to do what you really want to do and to invest in stress management habits as well.  Starting with examining your values, you can find a clear path here to a simpler life. Go Deeper With These Stress Management Resources Stress management and simplicity can be ongoing projects that bring increasing rewards the longer you stay with them.  Dont stop after this week--here are some ways to get more through social media and online resources that can help you simplify and manage stress.

Whitman And Blake Vs. Blake - 889 Words

Whitman and Blake both use animals to symbolize humankind’s experience of Nature The theme of the work is â€Å"Whitman and Blake both use animals to symbolize humankind’s experience of Nature†. To begin with I’d like to tell some information about Whitman and Blake’s life and work. Walt Whitman was an American poet, publicist and reformer of the American poetry. Whitman was the singer of the world democracy†, positive sciences, love and the association without social borders. He was also an innovator of the free verse. William Blake was an American poet, printmaker and painter. He became well-known for his drawings. The painter carried out all his life in work and poverty and died unrecognized in his own lifetime. So, Whitman and Blake use animals in their works to symbolize humankind’s experience of Nature and compare or distinguish humans from animals. Our task is to analyze in what way they achieve this. In Whitman s works ideas about naturality that clearing the person accepted space character; any person and any things are apprehended sacred against infinite in time and space of evolution of the Universe. The feeling of relationship with all people and all phenomena of the world is expressed by means of transformation of the lyrical hero into other people and inanimate objects. In his works we can see how humans distinguish from the animals and can find that Whitman is on the side of the animals. With the help of animals voices Whitman shows the unhappiness andShow MoreRelatedThe Language of Protest in Shakespeare, Blake, Whitman, Dickinson, Frost, and Rich: Exterior vs. Interior Life1073 Words   |  4 Pagesï » ¿The language of protest in Shakespeare, Blake, Whitman, Dickinson, Frost, and Rich: Exterior versus interior life William Shakespeares Hamlet, on its surface, is a play about a man avenging the death of his father. However, Shakespeare invests the play with a meaning that transcends its plot, despite the fact that it is a performed poetic drama. Even before he learns that his father was murdered, Hamlet is presented to the audience as a man who is depressed and angry at the world. Tis notRead MoreAnalysis of Ebay China’s Failure and Suggestions to Ebay’s Return Strategy from the Perspective of Cross-Cultural Conflicts7600 Words   |  31 Pagesadapted from â€Å"Conflict and Conflict Management† by Kenneth Thomas in The Handbook of Industrial and Organizational Psychology, edited by Marvin Dunnette (Chicago: Rand McNally, 1976). Another valuable contribution in this field is the work by Robert Blake and Jane Mouton in The Managerial Grid (Houston: Gulf Publishing, 1964, 1994). †¢ â€Å"Competing represents the wish to satisfy one’s own needs at the expense of others’ needs.( Ruble 145)† †¢ â€Å"Accommodating satisfies the needs of the other person atRead MoreInnovators Dna84615 Words   |  339 PagesSchultz (Starbucks)—who have written autobiographies or have given numerous interviews about innovation—are from our interviews. We also studied CEOs who ignited innovation in existing companies, such as Procter Gamble’s A. G. Lafley, eBay’s Meg Whitman, and Bain Company’s Orit Gadiesh. Some entrepreneurs’ companies that we studied were successful and well known; some were not (for example, Movie Mouth, Cow-Pie Clocks, Terra Nova BioSystems). But all offered a surprising and unique value propositionRead MoreFundamentals of Hrm263904 Words   |  1056 Pagesprovides tools/ supplies, etc.) Are there written contracts or employee-type benefits (i.e., pension plan, insurance, vacation pay, etc.)? Will the relationship continue, and is the work performed a key aspect of the business? Exhibit 1-5 Employee vs. Independent Contractor The difference between employees and independent contractors is an important yet frequently difficult distinction to make. The Internal Revenue Service (IRS) published guidelines for employers. Type of Relationship BusinessesRead MoreStephen P. Robbins Timothy A. Judge (2011) Organizational Behaviour 15th Edition New Jersey: Prentice Hall393164 Words   |  1573 PagesUniversity Anne Berthelot, University of Texas at El Paso David Bess, Shidler College of Business at the University of Hawaii Bruce Bikle, California State University, Sacramento xxx Richard Blackburn, University of North Carolina–Chapel Hill Weldon Blake, Bethune-Cookman College Carl Blencke, University of Central Florida Michael Bochenek, Elmhurst College Alicia Boisnier, State University of New York William H. Bommer, Cleveland State University Bryan Bonner, University of Utah Jessica Bradley, ClemsonRead MoreManaging Information Technology (7th Edition)239873 Words   |  960 PagesKappelman, Leon. 2001. â€Å"The future is ours.† Communications of the ACM 44, 3 (March): 46–47. MacMillan, Douglas, Peter Burrows, and Spencer E. Ante. 2009. â€Å"The App Economy.† BusinessWeek (November 2): 44–49. Majchrzak, Ann, Luba Cherbakov, and Blake Ives. 2009. â€Å"Social networking within corporations.† MIS Quarterly Executive 8, 2 (June): 103–108. Nolan, Richard, and F. Warren McFarlan. 2005. â€Å"Information technology and the board of directors.† Harvard Business Review 83 (October). HBR Reprint

William Shakespeare s Othello As A Tragic Hero - 1322 Words

A hero usually a man, who is admired or idealized for courage, outstanding achievements, or noble qualities (Dictionary.com). In life, heroes will arise whenever they are needed. It may be a tall man that wears a cape and has super powers. As a matter of fact it may be the everyday heroes that are seen giving a homeless man a coffee or helping an old lady cross the street. It may be the heroes that are see in movies and graphic novels, rescuing the princess from her tower or leading their country in war. However the rarest hero is the tragic one. William Shakespeare has perfectly crafted some of the most distinguished tragic heroes of all time one would of have to be Othello. Shakespeare wrote Othello on 1603. Nineteen years passed before Othello was first put into print in 1622 by Thomas Walkley. Othello is a tragic hero because of his noble stature, his tragic flaws, and his unfortunate downfall. Othello is a military general who is respected by the government and most of the people in his Italian community and had remarkable morals. Othello is very wealthy and is of high status. Not to mention Othello is confident of his merit, his claim to respect and worth. Othello, being a soldier all his life and is seen as a very honorable man. His title alone, governor-general, represents nobility, confidence, and strength. Even Othello s sworn enemy, the man who vows revenge against him for having relations with his own wife, Iago, thinks he is noble. The Moor, howbeit that IShow MoreRelatedWilliam Shakespeare s Othello As A Tragic Hero1323 Words   |  6 PagesIn literature tragic heroes can be defined as a character that makes a flawed judgment that inevitably leads to their own demise. William Shakespeare’s Othello the Moore of Venice is a play about a heroic individual that goes through a tragic event based on his decisions throughout the play. Many of the characters that Shakespeare presents in his plays reveal attitudes and value that is reflective of both the Elizabethan society in sixteenth century England and William Shakespeare; these values areRead MoreEssay on The Tragic Hero in William Shakespeare ´s Othello617 Words   |  3 PagesTragic heroes tend to have very pre-determined paths; usually making the most virtuous of characters destined to suffer. The hamartia or ‘tragic flaw’ is the typical reason the hero falls. Shakespeare was noted to be one of the best writers of tragedies, one of his m ost prominent to be Othello. In Othello, we find a number of tragic flaws two including pride and ambition. In William Shakespeare’s play, Othello, pride and ambition are used to identify the outcomes for the main characters in the playRead MoreOthello As A Tragic Hero872 Words   |  4 PagesVenice, Othello is transformed into a crazy, senseless man. William Shakespeare uses the idea of a tragic hero in almost all of his dramas. A tragic hero can be described as a person of high status who is neither completely good nor completely evil, possesses a tragic flaw, and leaves this flaw to be the reason for his/her downfall. Othello believes he can trust one of his soldiers, Iago, who is determined to seek revenge on Othello for not promoting him to be a lieutenant. Othellorsquo;s temperRead MoreThe Concept Of Iago By William Shakespeare1163 Words   |  5 Pagesâ€Å"The Concept of Iago† William Shakespeare’s plays all have a common theme: death. There is almost always death, and the play of â€Å"Othello† is no different since it ends in a â€Å"tragedy.† It begins with a man named Iago who speaks to Roderigo of how he should have received the position of lieutenant that was instead given to Cassio, a inexperienced man in his words, by Othello, the General. Iago shows distaste towards Othello, the play then goes through the story of Iago attempting to receive the positionRead MoreOthello is Not a Tragic Hero Essay1481 Words   |  6 PagesOthello has been described as one of William Shakespeare’s most popular plays because the play focuses on its themes of good and evil, military, politics, love and marriage, religion, racial prejudice, gender conflict, and sexuality; but the controversy and debate surrounding Othello is â€Å"Why is Othello a qualification for a tragedy?† Most readers are aware of the many famous deaths or acts of death within the Shakespearean plays. And when the main characters die in Shakespeare’s plays, indeedRead MoreEssay about Othello as Victim of Hamartia2057 Words   |  9 PagesOthello as Victim of Hamartia   Ã‚  Ã‚   By definition, a tragedy is a story that details the downfall of a protagonist. Most often, the protagonist (tragic hero) is a member of high society who is faced with an oppositional force, be it internal or external. In his Poetics, Aristotle states that tragedy is the imitation of an action; and an action implies personal agents, who necessarily possess certain distinctive qualities both of character and thought; for it is by these that we qualify actions themselvesRead MoreThe Tragic Tragedy Of William Shakespeare s Othello1523 Words   |  7 Pages Aristotle’s definition fits perfectly with William Shakespeare epic play, Othello. The famous Shakespeare play is about the downfall of a Moorish general who expresses jealousy and murder. Othello was an amazing general for the Venice army, but his downfall cost him everything he loved so dearly. He killed his own wife because he believes Iago’s lies about her cheating on him. His beliefs in Iago cost him everything that is precious to him. Othello can be seen as a great tragedy, and the playRead MoreThe True Nature Of Shakespeares Characters In Othello1546 Words   |  7 PagesThe True Nature of William Shakespeare’s Characters in â€Å"Othello† Ever since it’s creation over four centuries ago, William Shakespeare’s classic tragedy â€Å"Othello†, has reigned as one of the greatest play’s of all time. Being widely studied and analyzed, there should be no question as to why this piece has remained so relevant, even within the twisting and turbulent times of the 20th century and beyond. With copious amounts of today’s youth becoming caught and obsessed with the virtual life of socialRead MoreDoes Othello Meet The Standards Of A Tragic Hero?2171 Words   |  9 PagesWorld Literature I 5 May 2015 Does Othello Meet the Standards of a Tragic Hero? William Shakespeare is considered one of the greatest play writers who ever lived. Students throughout the United States continue to read his sonnets and plays today. His style of writing and his use of metaphors are what truly make him a great writer. Shakespeare wrote many comedies such as A Midsummer Night’s Dream, Much Ado about Nothing, and The Taming of the Shrew. Shakespeare also wrote many tragedies such as MacbethRead MoreEssay on Othellos Flaw in Shakespeares The Tragedy of Othello810 Words   |  4 PagesOthellos Flaw in Shakespeares The Tragedy of Othello In Shakespeare?s play Othello, Othello himself is the tragic hero. He is an individual of high stature who is destroyed by his surroundings, his own actions, and his fate. His destruction is essentially precipitated by his own actions, as well as by the actions of the characters surrounding him. The tragedy of Othello is not a fault of a single person, but is rather the consequence of a wide range of feelings, judgments, misjudgments, and

I.T. Tools for Remote Communication Free Essays

CAPE INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY UNIT TWO MODULE TWO – I. T. TOOLS FOR REMOTE COMMUNICATION USE OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY TOOLS TO ACCESS AND COMMUNICATE WITH REMOTE INFORMATION SOURCES Information technology – the tools and techniques used to process and communicate information Remote information source – information held in or on a computer or other medium which is not located in the same physical location as the person wanting access to this information. We will write a custom essay sample on I.T. Tools for Remote Communication or any similar topic only for you Order Now In order to access remote information sources one will need a tool or a set of tools which are both hardware and software. The following is a list of such tools – some hardware, some software, some both: Communication software – programs used to provide remote access to systems, and exchange files and messages in text, audio and/or video formats between different computers or users. Communication software runs on computers, tablets, mobile phones and other specialized devices. Some examples of remote communication software are terminal emulators, file transfer programs; instant messaging programs, real time chat programs (IRC), teleconferencing and video conferencing software, and email programs. Browsers – short for web browser – a software application used to locate, retrieve and also display content on the World Wide Web. The content handled by web browsers includes text, images and video. A web browser is made up of HTML code and operates under the HTTP (hypertext transfer protocol) Email systems – software for creating, sending, receiving and organizing electronic mail. Modern desktop email clients like Microsoft Outlook, Windows Live Mail and Mozilla Thunderbird offer advanced features for managing email, including WYSIWYG editors for composing email messages, anti-spam and anti-phishing security protection, advanced search capabilities, and rules and filters for more efficiently handling and organizing messages and email folders. A large number of online email services, called webmail, exist with features and functionality for managing e-mail similar to their desktop email software counterparts. Some of the more popular online email services are Yahoo! Mail, Gmail, Hotmail and AOL Mail. Email systems also need an email server which is a computer configured to be the email post office with the task of managing the email service. It receives stores and dispatches email messages to and from email addresses. Facsimile systems – A facsimile machine is a device that can send or receive pictures and text over a telephone line. Fax machines work by digitizing an image i. e. dividing it into a grid of dots. Each dot is either on or off, depending on whether it is black or white. Electronically, each dot is represented by a bit that has a value of either 0 (off) or 1 (on). In this way, the fax machine translates a picture into a series of zeros and ones (called a bit map) that can be transmitted like normal computer data. On the receiving side, a fax machine reads the incoming data, translates the zeros and ones back into dots, and reprints the picture. A fax machine consists of an optical scanner for digitizing images on paper, a printer for printing incoming fax messages, and a telephone for making the connection. Telephone – colloquially referred to as a phone, the telephone is a point-to-point telecommunications device that transmits and receives sounds, usually the human voice. It’s most basic function is to allow two people separated by large distances to talk to each other. A business telephone system is a system where multiple telephones are used by businesses in an interconnected fashion that allows for features such as call handling and transferring, conference calling, call metering and accounting, private and shared voice message boxes, etc. A business telephone system can range from just a few phones in a small business up to a complex private branch exchange (PBX) system utilized by large businesses. Business phone systems can function over the Public Switched Telephone Network (PSTN) and/or over the Internet (Internet telephony or VoIP). Business telephone systems can also be delivered as a hosted service (typically referred to as a centrex), which can free companies from having to invest in costly equipment. Mobile telephones – many individuals no longer have a landline and have turned to mobile computing for all their telephone needs. Young people especially do more than half there communicating using a cellular phone which allows them to not only have voice calls but to send text messages Pager – A pager is a small telecommunications device that receives (and, in some cases, transmits) alert signals and/or short messages. This type of device is convenient for people expecting telephone calls, but who are not near a telephone set to make or return calls immediately. A typical one-way pager fits easily in a shirt pocket; some are as small as a wristwatch. A miniature, short-range wireless receiver captures a message, usually accompanied by a beep. The simplest one-way pagers display the return-call telephone number of the person who sent the message. Alternatively, a code can be displayed that indicates which of several designated parties is requesting a return phone call. Sophisticated one-way pagers can display short text messages. Until recently, pagers were designed as receive-only devices. However, despite the engineering challenge, a two-way pager, also called a two-way messaging device or two-way interactive system, has been developed. A typical unit is about the size of a pocket calculator and has a built-in, miniature keyboard and a liquid crystal display (LCD) screen that can display several lines of text and/or simple graphics. Mobile phones have replaced pagers for most users. However, because they are reliable in some situations where mobile phones are not, pagers are still widely used by essential services personnel, such as those in the medical and emergency-related professions. New uses for pagers have also arisen. For example, restaurants often use pagers to let customers know when their tables are ready. Computer – The transmission of data from one computer to another, or from one device to another is called data communication. A communications device, therefore, is any machine that assists data transmission. The computer is one such principal machine. For the computer to assist in communications it must be running programs that make it possible to transmit data i. e. communication software. Word processor, spreadsheet, presentation software, desktop publishing software – these productivity tools can be used to create, edit, and print documents. While of all computer applications, word processing is the most common, the product of the others can also be printed. The output from productivity tools can be snail-mailed, emailed, uploaded to websites, and communicated using other www technologies Internet Tools Interactive online services – is a business that provides its subscribers with a wide variety of data transmitted over telecommunications lines. Online services provide an infrastructure in which subscribers can communicate with one another, either by exchanging e-mail messages or by participating in online conferences(forums). In addition, the service can connect users with an almost unlimited number of third-party information providers. Subscribers can get up-to-date stock quotes, news stories hot off the wire, articles from many magazines and journals, in fact, almost any information that has been put in electronic form. Of course, accessing all this data carries a price. Three of the largest online services are America Online, Compuserve and MSN. telnet – terminal emulation is a program for networks that connects pcs to the server on the network and allows one to enter commands on the pc and have them executed directly on the server as if one was sitting in front of the server. This enables you to control and communicate with other servers on the network. Telnet is a common way to remotely control Web servers. As this is a service that allows local computers to control remote computers, technical personal in organizations can use it to troubleshoot problems in other branches and hackers use these kinds of programs to connect to and control servers on unsecured networks. ftp – Short for file transfer protocol, this is the protocol for exchanging files over the Internet. FTP is most commonly used to download a file from a server using the Internet or to upload a file to a server (e. g. , uploading a Web page file to a server). The owners of website rarely host them themselves. But maintaining the content of the website is still up to them. They create the new content for their websites on their local machines. They then use an ftp program to connect to and upload and download the files from their website on the remote server to and from their local machine. When they have completed this task we can then see the new pages on their websites. You can access FTP sites by two different methods: either directly through your web browser, or using an FTP application (such as Winsock FTP). Both methods require a logon procedure. Some FTP sites allow anonymous login and allow you to enter your email address as a password. Other FTP sites also allow anonymous login but require a special password (such as â€Å"guest†, â€Å"visitor†, or other password. ) Still other sites have restricted login and passwords limited to specific people or groups message boards aka bulletin board system (BBS) – An electronic message board is a computer running software that allows users to log in and perform functions such as uploading and downloading software and data, reading news and bulletins, and exchanging messages with other users. Message boards allow threaded conversations in which the comments on a posting are attached to that posting in an indented manner. Message boards for example can be for a class in which students get to communicate with each other and the teacher and discuss assignments and class material. It is often used in this manner in on-line courses. newsgroups – This is a special interest online discussion group or forum where one can post and reply to posted messages on particular topics. It is like a public message board but with the topic of interest pre-selected by the person who set up the newsgroup. Users are required to subscribe to a newsgroup. mailing list – while any individual or company can have a mailing list in their email the formal definition of a mailing list is a list of people who have subscribed to a particular service and have given permission for their contact information to be released to anyone who provides this service. Newsgroups e. g. will have a mailing list to whom they send notices when something changes in the newsgroup. internet telephony refers to communication services such as voice, fax, SMS and/or voice messaging services which are transported via the internet instead of the public switched telephone network. VoIP – voice over internet protocol is a slightly broader term which covers voice communication over any IP network. How to cite I.T. Tools for Remote Communication, Essay examples

Tablets vs Textbooks free essay sample

Using tablets is more expensive than using print textbooks.- E-textbooks on tablets cost on average 50-60% less than print textbooks. According to a 2016 report from the Federal Communications Commission (FCC), K-12 school districts spend more than $10 billion per year on textbooks. However, the same report found that e-textbooks can save schools between $250-$1,000 per student per year. Tablet prices also continue to drop, making them increasingly affordable. Tablets cost on average $489 in 2011, $386 in 2012, $263 in 2015, and $139 in 2017. Handheld technological devices including tablets are associated with a range of health problems.- Print textbooks are heavy and cause injuries, while a tablet only weighs 1-2 pounds. Pediatricians and chiropractors recommend that students carry less than 15% of their body weight in a backpack, but the combined average weight of textbooks in History, Mathematics, Science, and Reading/Language Arts exceeds this percentage at nearly all grade levels from 1-12. [12] According to the US Consumer Product Safety Commission, during the 2011-12 school year more than 13,700 kids, aged 5 to 18, were treated for backpack-related injuries. We will write a custom essay sample on Tablets vs Textbooks or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page People who read print text comprehend more, remember more, and learn more than those who read digital text.- Tablets help students learn more material faster. Technology-based instruction can reduce the time students take to reach a learning objective by 30-80%, according to the US Department of Education and studies by the National Training and Simulation Association. Manufacturing tablets is environmentally destructive.- Tablets lower the amount of paper teachers have to print for handouts and assignments, helping to save the environment and money. According to Wired, a school with 100 teachers uses on average 250,000 pieces of paper annually. A school of 1,000 students on average spends between $3,000-4,000 a month on paper, ink, and toner, not counting printer wear and tear or technical support costs.

Being Biracial essays

Being Biracial essays I've had my own share of relationships and experienced the ups and downs. Yet it never did it occur to me that the cause for such experiences would be because of what my boyfriend and I were born with: our races. Being biracial myself, (Japanese and Filipino) I have come across many different aspects of both cultures. My mom is Filipino, and my dad is Japanese. They may be different in race but their love for each other is all the same. Initially, it was not that easy. The Japanese did invade the Philippines during World War two and my mom felt some bitterness towards the Japanese. However, she later concluded that after meeting my father, her bitterness was gone. My parents are a prime example of that love sees no boundaries. Sometimes I wonder if my life would be different being single race, but I've adopted many positive beliefs from both cultures and races. There are many reasons why I approve of interracial couples. It makes me furious when you see people on t.v. shows arguing about a "white guy dating a black girl". How can someone try to prevent another from being with someone they truly love? Can something so ridiculous be justified? When you love someone, the barriers of superficiality - appearance, social status, and ethnicity diminish. When all else fails, "Love conquers all." The issue of interracial dating is somewhat controversial as it affects almost everyone who engages in it. Not only the couples themselves, but those around them. Interracial dating is often a problem is because of events which might have happened in the past. My parents for example probably would have never met if my mother hadn't stopped feeling bitter about the Japanese invasion. In relation, an African mother may disapprove of her son dating a Caucasian female because of slavery in the past. Therefore, the past often has a way of coming back, not always for the best. It also the case that stereotype rules the majority of a ...

Accidentally Fueling a Diesel With Gasoline

Accidentally Fueling a Diesel With Gasoline To keep people from accidentally  fueling up a diesel engine with gasoline,  most diesel fuel pumps are distinguished by green markings and green fueling nozzle handles. In addition, the inside of a diesel vehicle fuel door has a â€Å"Diesel Fuel Only† label. But what happens if you inadvertently fill your diesel car or pickup with gasoline? Whether you’re new to  diesel ownership or might have both diesel and gasoline powered vehicles in your own personal fleet, it can be oh-so-easy to accidentally misfuel your diesel tank with gasoline. Filling a  fuel tank  is such an ordinary and mundane task, that just a moment’s inattention (did you really need to read that text message?) can cause you to grab the wrong nozzle and pump away. Bad enough if you realize the mistake right away and can get the car towed to a car dealership or independent repair shop to have the tank drained- a $500-$1,000 expensive nuisance. But what if you don’t even realize the mistake and end up driving away with a tank full of gasoline? Chances are you won’t get very far, perhaps just a mile or so. That’s when the diesel in the fuel line gives way to the fresh batch of gasoline on the way from the tank, and the engine starts to run â€Å"funny.† Of course, it all depends on how much diesel remained in the tank before the gasoline was added, and how new and sophisticated the diesel engine is. How Much Gas Does It Take to Harm a Diesel Engine In a 2007 or newer  Ã¢â‚¬Å"clean diesel† engine, any amount of gasoline will probably damage the sensitive emissions control components (DPF,  OxyCat, and  SCR) and system. In older engines with much less sophisticated emissions systems, a lightly diluted (say 90 percent diesel/10 percent gasoline) mix would likely pass through with little or no detriment. It might simply cause reduced engine power, perhaps a bit more noise, and possibly a sharp warning from the emissions sensors that detect something other than pure diesel exhaust. It’s a high concentration of gasoline that spells real trouble. Whether a modern clean common rail diesel (CRD) or an old indirect injection unit, burning straight gasoline or highly diluted diesel fuel will almost certainly result in catastrophic damage to the mighty  diesel engine. Dos and Don’ts If you are fortunate enough to discover you were pumping gasoline rather than diesel before driving away, here are the dos and don’ts. DO NOT  start the engine, even just to move the car from the pumps.DO NOT  turn the ignition on, even just to unlock the steering wheel. This could activate an electric fuel pump and feed tainted fuel into the engine injectors.  DO  tell the station attendant you cannot move the car and pay for the fuel dispensed.DO  call your roadside service provider and request a tow to either the vehicle’s brand dealership or an independent repair shop.DO  have the fuel tank drained and receive confirmation that the contaminated fuel was limited to the fuel tank. If you don’t notice the  mis-fueling error until the car has been driven, stop as soon as it is safe and call your roadside service provider to request a tow. Unfortunately, the price to repair the damage will be very expensive and this is a situation that  will not  be covered by your automaker’s warranty. What Gas Does to a Diesel The problem is multifaceted. It is a function of the completely different burn characteristics of the fuels (volatile and explosive gasoline versus high flash point diesel fuel), and the peculiarities of engine design in regards to how fuel is ignited (spark ignition  versus  compression ignition). Gasoline is formulated to resist auto-ignition in a spark engine (depending on the octane), so this fuel introduced into a diesel engine either won’t ignite or will more likely ignite at the wrong time causing severe  detonation- literally a shock wave throughout your cylinder. Though diesel engine  reciprocating components- pistons, wrist pins, and connecting rods- are built to withstand enormous explosive force, the shock wave effects of uncontrolled detonation can easily destroy them. If by chance major engine damage is avoided, there are other serious consequences. Diesel fuel itself acts as a lubricant  for the fuel pump and delivery system as well as the  valve train. Running thin, low viscosity gasoline through a diesel fuel system would starve it for lubrication and cause those sensitive components to rub together, eventually destroying them. Additionally, the entire fuel system will have been affected. That means the fuel pump, fuel filter, and  fuel injectors will likely need replacement. In the worst-case scenario, it might be cheaper to just replace the engine and components. Good News for Newer Diesel Vehicles Gasoline vehicle fuel filler openings were made smaller in diameter beginning in the early 1980s. This was in response to the mandatory use of unleaded fuel to protect  catalytic converters  and the negative effects of lead to human health. That’s why the smaller diameter gas filler nozzle fits into the larger filler opening of diesel cars. Then in 2009, BMW launched its clean  diesels  in the U.S. with a â€Å"mis-fueling protection device,† essentially a gas cap replacement with a diameter specific to diesel nozzles, as standard equipment. Audi followed in 2011 with a similar device, and beginning with 2013 vehicles, Volkswagen redesigned its fuel fillers to accept only diesel fuel. Today, nearly every diesel vehicle- car or pickup- will only accept diesel fuel. What Diesel Fuel Does to a Gasoline Engine Fortunately, this one is almost impossible (notice we said almost) to ignore, since the larger diesel filler nuzzle won’t fit in a narrow gasoline filler neck. But if you do manage to get diesel fuel in your gasoline tank, the engine will probably not even start, and if it does, it’ll run terribly and probably smoke like a chimney. Engine damage will most likely be minimal to none, but a thorough and expensive fuel system flush will certainly be in order. This article was edited and updated by Larry E. Hall

Questions about Managing People Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Questions about Managing People - Essay Example Secondly, by being in the ASEAN region culture plays a big role in terms of dictating how individuals behave. In this region, individuals are expected to think, act and live collectively as members of a family and or group. Those who do not are rejected by society. The dabbawalah organisation provides an environment within which the employees can satisfy both their existence needs and relatedness needs. The sense of belonging, affiliation and meaningful interpersonal relationships is as important as the physiological material needs in collectivist societies such as the Indian society. In the case Sapan Mare confirms this when he states that his family has been in the tiffin business for four generations. It is therefore likely that the tiffin-walahs are driven to increase their performance by the strong affiliation they have and the sense of ownership of the business. Vroom’s Expectancy Theory: Vroom’s expectancy theory states that motivational force is a combination of valence and expectancy. Valence is the anticipated satisfaction from an outcome whereas expectancy is a perception of the degree of probability that the choice of a particular action will actually lead to the desired outcome (Mullins 2010a). ... It could also be argued that there is some form of external pressure from either family or society for tiffin-walahs to join the trade. With these two arguments, and taking into consideration that the culture here is largely collectivist, it is possible to conceive that tiffin-walahs get satisfaction in joining the â€Å"ancestral† business. This high sense of ownership implies that their valence is high. Secondly the fact that they are also shareholders compels them to work harder thus increasing their expectancy. According to Vroom’s expectancy equation, combining the high valence and high expectancy equates to a high motivational force (Mullins 2010a). High motivational force makes the tiffin-walahs to increase their level of performance which results in the overall Six Sigma capabilities of the organisation. Herzberg’s two factor theory: Herzberg’s theory states that there are two sets of factors, hygiene and motivating factors, which affect motivati on and job satisfaction. Hygiene factors are extrinsic to the job and are concerned with the job environment. They prevent dissatisfaction. Motivation is largely affected by the other set of factors, motivators, which are related to the job content (Mullins 2010a). From the evaluation so far one can identify that the dabbawalah scores highly in term of extrinsic factors while its intrinsic factors are not as remarkable. Example of the dabbawalah service’s extrinsic factors include: a very sociable job, strong policies on discipline and offences and job security – â€Å"it lasts for as long as the member is strong enough to do the work (from Case Study)†. However, according to Herzberg’s theory, the factors we have listed above have no effect on satisfaction,

Africa Article Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words - 1

Africa - Article Example Access to food is a basic but most violated human rights throughout the world in recent times. World Food Summit 1996 hunger reduction target proved to be a failure regardless of the fact that food production grew faster than the world population. Throughout world, about 840 million people are malnourished and most of them are in Africa (Clover 5-7).Food security is a term used for adequate access to nutritious food which is considered as acceptable in a certain culture. Chronic food insecurity affected 38 million people, and hunger claimed 24,000 lives daily in Africa during 2003.Famine is the extreme manifestation of food insecurity, among 39 countries experiencing food emergencies in world, 25 are African. However, this is the crisis that emerged in slow motion. Africas state of food emergency is a consequence of a wide range of issues which include: structural poverty; famine and drought; adverse weather conditions; civil conflicts; political and economic crises; HIV/AIDS and ina dequate policy and decision making. Failure is identifying the intervening the developing issues are probably the major causes of Africa’s persistent vulnerability. In order to tackle these root causes, focusing on structural deficiencies must lead to long-term reconsideration process of food security. Moreover, WTO must restructure for active participation in poor countries. For a balanced approach in dealing with immediate food aid issues and long-term strategic plans, a multifaceted approach covering political, social, economic, and environmental factors must be devised(Clover 8-14). World Food Summit(WFS) held in 1996 established the target of reducing hungry people by at least 20 million every year during 2000-2015.Some countries have showed progress, however, annual decrease of 2.5 million is far below the level required to achieve the target by 2015(Clover

Heros Essay -- Essays Papers

Heros Throughout time and literature hero’s have not changed physically but the people who are looked to as hero’s has. A hero is someone who goes above and beyond what is required to help someone in need. Hero’s come in many shapes and sizes, and carry many similar but different qualities. Hero’s are kind people who truly care for others without any alterrior motives. People who care and donate their time, energy, love, and kindness to others. Also a person who is brave, daring and courageous are considered hero’s. Most hero’s have alterrior motives. They look to things such as money popularity, repaying debt, fame or higher standard of living. Some people pretend to be a her for being a hero. They try to come off as a person who cares but usually have another agenda bes...

Pollution prevention Essay

The article written by Chris Wiant â€Å"What is the P2 trend all about, and how are environmental health professionals involved?† discusses the history, objectives and significance of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency’s pollution prevention (P2) program to the environment and public health. In the early 70s, there was already a conscious effort in protecting the nation’s vital natural resources which was pioneered by Congress. But EPA wanted to expand their strategy in environmental protection which resulted in the birth of the P2 program. The main thrust of the pollution prevention program is to encourage companies to get involved in the community level by taking the initiative in becoming leaders in protecting the environment. In addition, the application of the program has facilitated the identification of its â€Å"potential for significant economic benefits by avoiding the need for treatment at the end-of-the-pipe.† Since P2 has been well rece ived by businesses and its positive benefits are eminent, the next challenge is â€Å"how to institutionalize P2 as a standard business practice, and 2) how to get businesses and communities to see that P2 can be a pathway to a new partnership between them† (Wiant, 1997, p. 24). Moreover, the pollution prevention program is not only a directive that is focused on conservation and preservation of the natural resources. It is more directed at the sustainable maintenance of the activities that were already started by companies and the EPA but in a larger scale. The certainty of the success of the program can only be guaranteed if all sectors of the society work hand in hand in order to achieve a single goal which is to reduce the damage inflicted to the environment. Another aspect of the P2 program that is very appealing is its emphasis on preventive measures. Its design of â€Å"reducing the emission of toxic Pollution Prevention 2  substances into the environment, focusing on the manufacturing process as the point in which to control toxin emissions† is an innovative idea that will dramatically trim down the production of harmful substances. Through this approach a potential problem can be addressed to its initial stage. Instead of using the end-of-the-pipe strategy, businesses can already start with prevention during the manufacturing process. As a result, massive damages to  the environment can be avoided and it can also eliminate the risk of inflicting impairment to the public’s health. Also, it can significantly reduce the cost for businesses in decreasing their toxic emissions. It is like shooting 2 birds in 1 stone because companies can save a lot of money and time by just implementing the P2 program in their business p rocedures. By mandating business to utilize the P2 program, changes in common business practices will occur. But this alteration would be for the overall improvement of the policies and procedures of a company. Moreover, in a community that practices such programs, the quality of life of the people will greatly improve and the relationship of coexistence between man and nature will continue to flourish for the better (Wiant, 1997, p. 24)†¦ †¦ Works Cited Wiant, C. J. (1997). What is the P2 trend all about, and how are environmental health professionals involved?. Journal of Environmental Health, 59, 24.

COUN 502 Developmental Analysis Paper - 2771 Words

Developmental Analysis Paper Tianna N. Johnson Liberty University December 7, 2014 ABSTRACT Human growth and development over a lifetime shows how a person evolves from birth to the time of death. Psychologists study the development of children teaching influencing their future. My childhood experiences influences my adulthood, but I have to show maturity. Does this mean that I do the same things I did as I child? What kind of growth did I show from elementary age to high school age? How much of my child will influence my decision-making as I move forward in my developmental stages? Does my spiritual have an impact on how I view myself? I have to take a step back into my past to view my challenges and obstacles. My†¦show more content†¦During this stage, this is where my family structure became different from what the first seven years of my life consisted of. There was a transition from me being the only child in my family. My parents decided to have another child. I was devastated and became very upset because, in my mind, I was going to have to share my parents with someone else. Studies show that, â€Å"Younger firstborns did appear to have more reported problems than older firstborns, in general. They were more likely to show increases in clinging and seeking adult attention, more distress over time, more time wandering, more withdrawal and had more toileting and night-time accidents† (Volling, 2012). I did not have nighttime accidents until my brother was born. I did not understand why I was doing it, but it caused my parents give me more attention when I done it. Every time someone showed my brother attention, such as playing with him or holding him, I became very jealous and did things to get attention even if that meant I had to do something bad to be disobedient to my parents. It was once I began to get out of control when things began to change. Ephesians 6:1-3 says, â€Å"Children, obey your parents in the Lord: for this is right; Honour thy father and mother; (which is the first commandment with promise; that it may be well with thee, and thou mayest live long on the earth† (KJV). This was the verse that my parents begin teaching me during this time because my behavior wasShow MoreRelatedDementia: How and Whom Does It Affect?5576 Words   |  23 PagesAffect? Liberty University COUNS 502 B-23LUO Instructor: Dr. Richard Pace Shelly M. Becker March 5, 2013 DEMENTIA: HOW AND WHOM DOES IT AFFECT? 2 Abstract Although dementia is often viewed as an â€Å"old person’s disorder, its effects ripple down in many directions such as family, caregivers, finances, and the healthcare system, leaving behind many unanswered questions and confusion for all. The purpose of this paper will be to answer some ofRead MoreDevelopmental Analysis Essay3291 Words   |  14 Pagesï » ¿ Developmental Analysis Liberty University Abstract This paper serves to apply the knowledge learned throughout the course, COUN 502, to the development and growth in my lifespan. I will aim to demonstrate a working knowledge of the theories, terminology, and concepts of human growth and development. I will show how these disciplines apply to my own life experiences and how I did throughout my key life events, through the use of empirical studies. Developmental Analysis Although I wouldRead MoreHuman Resources Management150900 Words   |  604 Pagesmost of the fastest-growing occupations percentagewise are related to information technology or health care. The increase in the technology jobs is due to the rapid increase in the use of information technology, such as databases, system design and analysis, and desktop publishing. The health care jobs are growing as a result of the aging of the U.S. population and workforce, a factor discussed later. Chapter 1 Changing Nature of Human Resource Management 5 FIGURE 1—1 The 10 Occupations withRead MoreMedicare Policy Analysis447966 Words   |  1792 PagesCONGENITAL OR DEVELOPMENTAL 7 DEFORMITY OR DISORDER. 8 9 ‘‘(a) REQUIREMENTS DREN FOR TREATMENT FOR CHIL- WITH DEFORMITIES.— 10 ‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—A group health plan, and a 11 health insurance issuer offering group health insur- 12 ance coverage, that provides coverage for surgical 13 benefits shall provide coverage for outpatient and in- 14 patient diagnosis and treatment of a minor child’s 15 congenital or developmental deformity